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HMAS Anzac (G90)
HMAS ''Anzac'' was a ''Parker''-class destroyer leader that served in the Royal Navy (as HMS ''Anzac'') and the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Launched in early 1917 and commissioned into the Royal Navy, ''Anzac'' led the 14th Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet during the First World War. In 1919, she and five other destroyers were transferred to the RAN, with ''Anzac'' commissioning as an Australian warship in 1920. Except for three visits to New Guinea and one to the Solomon Islands, ''Anzac'' remained in southern and eastern Australian waters for her entire career. The destroyer was decommissioned in 1931, sold for scrapping four years later, stripped for parts, then towed outside Sydney Heads and sunk as a target ship in 1936.
==Design and construction==
''Anzac'' was a ''Parker''-class destroyer leader, based on the ''Marksman'' or ''Lightfoot'' class. The ship had a displacement of 1,660 tons, was long overall and long between perpendiculars, had a beam of , and a draught of at maximum load.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', p. 5〕 Propulsion was provided by four Yarrow boilers providing steam to Brown-Curtis geared turbines, which delivered 37,060 shaft horsepower to the destroyer's three propellers.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'' p. 6〕 The ship was designed to reach , but could only achieve an average of during full-power trials.〔 Maximum range was at .〔 The ship's company consisted of 8 officers and 114 sailors.〔
The primary armament for ''Anzac'' consisted of four single QF 4-inch Mark IV guns.〔 This was supplemented by two 2-pounder "pom-pom" guns for air defence, a single .303-inch Maxim machine gun, four .303-inch Lewis machine guns (two single guns and a twin-mount), two twin 21-inch torpedo tube sets, two depth charge throwers, and four depth charge chutes.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', pp. 5–6〕
The order to build ''Anzac'' was placed with William Denny and Brothers in December 1915, and the ship was laid down at their shipyard in Dumbarton, Scotland on 31 January 1916.〔 The destroyer was launched on 11 January 1917, and commissioned into the Royal Navy on 24 April 1917, the day of her completion.〔 The ship's name is in recognition of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps and their service during the early years of the First World War.〔 The destroyer went through a rapid succession of penant numbers during her British service; although assigned the pennant F6 during construction, this was changed three days before launch to G80, then became G50 at the start of 1918, before changing again to G70 in April.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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